Anna-Nachhilfe
ENG: Formulierungen
Useful expressions
Comment
Beginning:
I would like to comment on (the problem of / the question whether) …
Giving an opinion:
In my opinion / view
To my mind
I am sure / convinced that
I think / believe / feel that
I am of the opinion that
It seems to me that
The way I see it
Ordering:
First of all / To start / begin with
Firstly, … Secondly, … Finally, …
In the first / second … place
At first …, but then …
To show cause and effect:
as a result, consequently, hence, due to, in view of, on account of, accordingly, for this reason,
therefore.
Adding:
In addition, …
I’d like to add that …
Another point is that …
Furthermore …
and, again, and then, besides, equally important, finally, further, next, what is more, moreover,
as well as, first (second, etc.), not only . . . but
To give an example or an illustration:
for example, for instance, in this case, in another case, take the case of, to illustrate, as an
illustration, to take another example, namely, that is, as shown by, as illustrated by, as
expressed by
To repeat:
as I have said
in brief
as I have noted
as suggested above
as has been noted
Emphasizing:
definitely, extremely, indeed, absolutely, positively, obviously, naturally, always, never, surprisingly, emphatically, without a doubt, certainly, undeniably, without reservation, perennially, forever.
Balancing (pros and cons)
On the one hand … on the other hand
Although…, we mustn’t forget that …
Whereas …, we have to remember that …
In contrast to …
On the contrary…
However…
Drawing a conclusion:
That’s why
For this reason / these reasons
Therefore
As a result
Consequently
It follows that
Taking everything into account
Thus
The evidence seems to indicate that...
It must therefore be recognised that...
The indications are therefore that...
It is clear therefore that ...
Thus it could be concluded that...
The evidence seems to be strong that...
On this basis it may be inferred that...
Given this evidence, it can be seen that...
Summarizing:
To sum up
In short
All in all
I’d like to finish by saying …
in brief
in short
on the whole
to conclude
in conclusion
as I have shown
as I have said
Presentations
Beginning:
Good morning everyone.
Today I'm going to talk about ...
It is a well-known fact that ...
It is often said that ...
For the great majority of people ...
My aim is to ...
The objective of this presentation is ...
I'm here to ...
Ordering:
The first/second part of the analysis will
examine/consider ...
The main points I will be talking about are ...
Firstly ..., secondly ... , next ... , finally ...
In order to link ... with ..., the background to ... will be briefly outlined.
The final level of the analysis consists of
Main part:
Let us start by considering the facts.
The first thing that needs to be said is ...
Let's start/begin with ...
The first aspect to point out is that ...
One argument in support of ...
The other side of the argument
On the other hand, we can observe that …
The other side of the coin is, however, that ...
It would also be interesting to see ...
Nevertheless, one should consider the problem from another angle.
Showing transparencies, photos etc.
Let me illustrate this by showing you ...
Continuing with the next point
Now let's move on to ...
I'd like to elaborate on this aspect/point
Please allow me to expand on that.
The fact of the matter is surely/simply that ...
On balance, we can safely say that ...
If we consider all the facts, it seems more accurate to say that ...
If one weighs up the pros and the cons of the case, one soon realises that ...
In the final analysis ...
Summarising the main points
I'd now like to summarise my main arguments, which were ...
I'd like to go over the main aspects of my presentation again: First I covered ..., then we talked about ..., finally we looked at ...
Conclusion
Finally we have to accept that ...
I'm going to conclude by saying that .../ inviting you to/quoting ...
In conclusion, let me leave you with this thought .../invite you to ...
The arguments we have presented ... suggest that .../prove that .../would indicate that ...
From these arguments one must .../could .../might ... conclude that ...
All of this points to the conclusion that ...
What conclusions can be drawn from all this?
The most satisfactory conclusion that we can come to is ...
To sum up we are convinced that/we believe that ...
Questions
Do you have any questions?
Is there anything concerning this topic you would like to ask me?
Now I'll be happy to answer your questions.
Essay
Facts:
The fact is that
The (main) point is that ...
This proves that ...
What it comes down to is that ...
It is obvious that ...
It is certain that ...
One can say that ...
It is clear that ...
There is no doubt that ...
Opinions:
It seems to me that ...
In my opinion, ...
My personal view is that ...
In my experience ...
As far as I understand / can see, ...
As I see it, ... / From my point of view ...
As far as I know ... / From what I know ...
I might be wrong but ...
If I am not mistaken ...
I believe one can (safely) say ...
It is claimed that ...
I must admit that ...
I cannot deny that ...
I can imagine that ...
I think/believe/suppose ...
Personally, I think ...
That is why I think ...
I am sure/certain/convinced that ...
I am not sure/certain, but ...
I am not sure, because I don't know the situation exactly.
I am not convinced that ...
I have read that ...
I have no opinion in this matter.
Agree – totally:
There are many reasons for ...
There is no doubt about it that ...
I simply must agree with that.
I completely/absolutely agree with the author.
Agree – to a certain degree:
It is only partly true that...
That seems obvious, but ...
That is not necessarily so.
It is not as simple as it seems.
Under certain circumstances ...
Disagree:
The problem is that ...
I (very much) doubt whether ...
This is in complete contradiction to ...
What is even worse, ...
I cannot share this / that / the view.
I cannot agree with this idea.
What I object to is ...
Unlike the author I think ...
Arguments:
First of all, I think ...
Not only that, but I also think that ...
Not only are they ..., they are also ...
There are various/several/many reasons for this.
First, ... / Firstly, ...
Second, ... / Secondly, ...
Moreover, ... / Furthermore, ... / In addition, ...
Another significant point is that ...
Finally, ...
On the one hand, ... On the other hand, ...
In contrast to this is ...
Because of ...
That is why ...
After all, ...
The reason is that ...
In that respect ...
The result of this is that ...
Another aspect/point is that ...
It is because ...
Although it is true that ... it would be wrong to claim that ...
That may sometimes be true, but ...
One could argue that ..., but ...
Examples:
Take for example (the case of) ...
Look at ...
For instance ... / For example ...
Let me give you an example.
Ending:
Most probably ...
It appears to be ...
It is important to mention that...
As I already indicated ...
In other words, ...
I am most concerned about ...
I should like to repeat once again that ...
I should like to emphasise that ...
I would (just) like to add ...
So all in all I believe that...
(In) summing up it can be said that ...
Weighing the pros and cons, I come to the conclusion that ...